Filter Vessel: The filter vessel is a cylindrical or rectangular tank that contains the filter media. It is design to withstand the operating pressure of the system. The vessel is usually made of steel or reinforce concrete and is equippe with inlet and outlet connections.
Filter Media: The filter media is the of granular material that performs the actual filtration. The most common filter media use in pressure sand filters is silica sand. The sand particles have different sizes, with larger particles at the top and finer particles at the bottom to create a gradient. The media retains suspend solids as the water passes through.
Distribution System: The distribution system evenly distributes the influent wastewater across the filter. It prevents channeling and ensures uniform flow distribution throughout the filter media. The distribution system typically consists of underdrains, lateral pipes, and nozzles.
Backwash System: To clean the filter media and remove accumulate solids, a backwash system is incorporate into the pressure sand filter. It typically includes a backwash pump, valves, and a wash water collection system. During backwashing, water flow is reverse, and a combination of air and water is used to agitate the filter and dislodge trapped particles.
Control System: A control system is employ to monitor and regulate the operation of the pressure sand filter. It controls the flow rates, backwashing cycles, and other parameters to optimize the filtration process and maintain efficient operation.